Hyperadrenocorticism (Cushing's Disease)

Hyperadrenocorticism, also known as Cushing’s disease, is in some ways the opposite of Addison’s disease we discussed last week. With this condition, the body is producing too much circulating hormone. Certain breeds such as poodles, dachshunds, boxers and beagles seem to be more prone to this condition. Typically it is seen in middle to older patients. In some cases a patient on prolonged steroid use may also demonstrate these symptoms. If the external source of steroids is removed they may return to normal.

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Symptoms of Cushing’s disease include increased drinking and increased urination. In some cases this is extremely excessive! Externally owners may note hair loss, increased pigment in the skin and also black heads in the skin. Additionally the abdomen will sometimes look distended or drooping. With any of these symptoms a visit to the vet is definitely warranted!

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There are several ways to start a diagnosis of Cushing’s disease. A chemistry profile can show a significant elevation in the liver enzymes, while a urinalysis will likely show a very low concentration. To diagnose Cushing’s disease a blood test can be run which usually requires a series of blood draws throughout most of the day. There are also urinary screening tests that can be used to help determine if Cushing’s is a likely cause for the symptoms. Further diagnostics such as x-rays, ultrasound or even advanced imaging such as MRI or CT (computerized tomography) may be necessary to determine the cause for this condition. These advanced tests are not always needed but are sometimes recommended depending on the specific pet.

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Treatment typically involves a medication that will be given life long. If there are specific tumors that are contributing to the condition then surgery could be an option. This however is not always financially possible or physically possible for each patient. Regularly blood work and monitoring for recurrence of symptoms is imperative to help regulate Cushing’s disease. Every patient is different and what may work for one pet may not be appropriate for another. They also can have different responses. It is possible to over treat for this condition and cause a depletion of steroids which will lead to symptoms similar to those mentioned with Addison’s disease last week.

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If you see any of the symptoms especially increased drinking/ urination in your pet it is a good idea to make a trip to the veterinarian. They can help direct diagnostics so the appropriate course of action is taken. For more information please visit Veterinary Partner’s Cushing’s Center here.