Tuesday, October 28, 2014

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

To continue our discussing on diabetes from last Tuesday, I wanted to briefly focus on Diabetic Ketoacidosis. This is a serious consequence of unregulated diabetes.
As mentioned last week, diabetes occurs when the body is not producing enough insulin to drive glucose levels to a normal range. If this happens for long enough, the body becomes desperate for energy and starts producing ketones. These are not a very good source of energy for the body and can lead to drastic imbalances in the body’s electrolytes and other blood values.
These imbalances can lead to severe symptoms in addition to the common symptoms of diabetes (increased drinking, urination, eating and weight loss). You may also note, severe weakness, or lethargy, muscle loss, dehydration and an unkempt coat. Some animals can even look jaundice (or icteric), which is a yellowing of the eyes or mucous membranes. If these symptoms are noted, your pet needs to be seen immediately. Many times they will need supportive care at a 24 hour facility if the symptoms are severe. Hospitalization will allow of intravenous fluids to combat dehydration and also allow a way to deliver necessary electrolytes that are typically depleted. It will also allow for regular glucose checks and insulin administration as needed.
So why did DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis) occur? In the majority of patients it is a newly diagnosed diabetic whose symptoms were undetected or not displayed until they were very sick. It can also be from a patient that is having a hard time being regulated on their insulin regimen. A third possibility is a patient that has been well regulated but has another disease process occurring. This could be anything from an infection, to another chronic condition or even neoplasia. Regular vet checks and sticking to strict scheduling if your pet is diabetic can help minimize the chance that DKA will occur. However, even following these protocols, it is possible for patients to decompensate. That is why it is extremely important to work closely with your veterinarian to manage any chronic condition.  


For more information on diabetic ketoacidosis you can visit this website

No comments:

Post a Comment